Ukumaka nge-laser sekube yinzuzo ebalulekile yezobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yezokundiza
Kusukela kwazalwa imishini ye-laser enamandla amakhulu ngeminyaka yawo-1970s, ukushisela nge-laser, ukusika i-laser, ukubhola nge-laser, ukwelashwa kwe-laser surface, i-laser alloying, i-laser cladding, i-laser prototyping esheshayo, ukwakhiwa okuqondile kwe-laser kwezingxenye zensimbi kanye nezicelo ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili.
I-Laser machining ingamandla, umlilo kanye nemishini kagesi ngemuva kobuchwepheshe obusha bokucutshungulwa, ingaxazulula ukucutshungulwa kwezinto ezihlukene, izinkinga zobuchwepheshe eziphelele nezicatshangelwayo, njengokwenza nokucwengisiswa kusukela idivayisi ye-laser enamandla amakhulu yazalwa ngeminyaka yama-70s, yakha i-laser welding. , ukusika i-laser, ukumakwa kwe-laser, i-laser doping inqwaba yezicelo ezifana nenqubo, uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokucubungula zendabuko, ukucutshungulwa kwe-Laser kunokugxila okunamandla aphezulu, kulula ukusebenza, ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, ikhwalithi ephezulu, ukongiwa kwamandla kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo nokunye. izinzuzo ezivelele, izimoto ngokushesha, electronics, Aerospace, imishini, imikhumbi, cishe kuhlanganise zonke izindawo zomnotho kazwelonke iye yasetshenziswa kabanzi, eyaziwa ngokuthi "ukukhiqiza uhlelo izindlela ezivamile ukucubungula".
Sebenzisa ezicini ezilandelayo
1.Ubuchwepheshe bokusika i-Laser emkhakheni wesicelo se-aerospace
Embonini ye-aerospace, izinto zokusika i-laser yilezi: i-chin alloy, i-nickel alloy, i-chromium alloy, i-aluminium alloy, insimbi engagqwali, ukhiye we-chin acid, ipulasitiki nezinto eziyinhlanganisela.
Ekwenziweni kwemishini ye-aerospace, igobolondo lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezikhethekile zensimbi, amandla aphezulu, ubulukhuni obuphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, indlela yokusika evamile kunzima ukuqeda ukucubungula impahla, ukusika kwe-laser kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokucubungula, can sebenzisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-laser cutting processing, uhlaka lwekhekheba lezinyosi, uhlaka, amaphiko, ipuleti lokumisa umsila, i-rotor eyinhloko yendiza enophephela emhlane, ibhokisi lenjini kanye neshubhu lomlilo, njll.
Laser cutting ngokuvamile ukusetshenziswalaser okukhiphayo okuqhubekayo, kodwa futhi ewusizo high frequency carbon dioxide pulse laser.Ukujula kwe-Laser kuya kububanzi besilinganiso kuphezulu, ngoba okungezona ezensimbi, ukujula kuya kobubanzi isilinganiso kungafinyelela ngaphezu kwe-100, insimbi ingafinyelela cishe ku-20;
Ukusika i-laserisivinini siphezulu, ukusika isilevu ingxubevange ishidi izikhathi 30 mayelana indlela mechanical, ukusika steel plate izikhathi 20 mayelana indlela mechanical;
Ukusika i-laserizinga lihle.Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokusika i-oxy-acetylene kanye ne-plasma, ukusika insimbi ye-carbon kunekhwalithi engcono kakhulu.Indawo ethintekile ekushiseni yokusika i-laser i-oxy-acetylene kuphela.
2.Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-laser welding emkhakheni we-aerospace
Embonini ye-aerospace, izingxenye eziningi zishiselwe ngogongolo lwe-electron, ngoba ukushisela nge-laser akudingi ukwenziwa endaweni engenalutho, i-laser welding isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni sokushisela i-electron beam.
Sekuyisikhathi eside, ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye zesakhiwo sezindiza kube ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-riveting emuva, isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ingxubevange ye-aluminium esetshenziswa esakhiweni sendiza iwukwelashwa kokushisa okuqinisiwe kwe-aluminium alloy (okungukuthi, amandla aphezulu e-aluminium alloy), kanye nokuhlanganiswa. i-welding, umphumela wokuqinisa ukwelashwa kokushisa uzolahleka, futhi imifantu ye-intergranular kunzima ukuyigwema.
Ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe be-laser welding kunqoba izinkinga ezinjalo futhi kwenza kube lula kakhulu inqubo yokukhiqiza i-fuselage yendiza, kunciphisa isisindo se-fuselage ngo-18% kanye nezindleko ngo-21.4% ~ 24.3%.Ubuchwepheshe be-laser welding yinguquko yezobuchwepheshe embonini yokukhiqiza izindiza.
3.Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-laser drilling emkhakheni we-aerospace
Ubuchwepheshe be-laser drilling busetshenziswa embonini ye-aerospace ukuze kubhotshwe izimbobo kuma-gem bearings, izindwani ze-turbine ezipholile emoyeni, imibhobho kanye nezinto ezivuthayo.Njengamanje, ukubhola nge-laser kunqunyelwe ezimbotsheni zokupholisa zezingxenye zenjini ezimile, ngoba kunemifantu emincane ebusweni bezimbobo.
Ucwaningo lokuhlola lwe-laser beam, i-electron beam, i-electro chemistry, ukubhola kwe-EDM, ukubhola ngomshini nokubhoboza kuphothulwa ngokuhlaziywa okubanzi.I-Laser drilling inezinzuzo zomphumela omuhle, ukuguquguquka okunamandla, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
4.Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-laser surface emkhakheni we-aerospace
I-Laser cladding iwubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokuguqulwa kwendawo.Ezindizeni, intengo yezingxenye eziyisipele ze-aero-injini iphezulu, ngakho ezimweni eziningi kubiza ukukhanda izingxenye.
Nokho, izinga lezingxenye ezilungisiwe kufanele lihlangabezane nezidingo zokuphepha.Isibonelo, lapho umonakalo uvela ebusweni beblade yophephela wendiza, kufanele ilungiswe ngobuchwepheshe obuthile bokwelapha.
Ngaphezu kwamandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokukhathala okudingekayo ama-propeller blades, ukumelana nokugqwala ngemva kokulungiswa kwendawo kufanele kucatshangelwe.Ubuchwepheshe be-laser cladding bungasetshenziswa ukulungisa indawo ye-3D yensimbi yenjini.
5.Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokwenza i-laser emkhakheni we-aerospace
Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-laser ekukhiqizeni izindiza kubonakala ngokuqondile ekukhiqizweni okuqondile kwezingxenye zesakhiwo se-titanium alloy zezindiza kanye nokulungisa ngokushesha izingxenye zenjini yendiza.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-laser buye baba obunye bobuchwepheshe obusha bokukhiqiza bezingxenye ezinkulu zesakhiwo se-titanium alloy zezikhali nemishini yokuzivikela emkhathini.Indlela yokukhiqiza yendabuko inobubi bezindleko eziphezulu, isikhathi eside sokulungiselela isikhunta sokubumba, inani elikhulu lokucubungula ngomshini kanye nezinga eliphansi lokusebenzisa izinto.
